Module 6. Materials And Hardware

6.1 Aircraft Materials — Ferrous

(a) Characteristics, properties and identification of common alloy steels used in aircraft;

Heat treatment and application of alloy steels.
(b) Testing of ferrous materials for hardness, tensile strength, fatigue

strength and impact resistance.

6.2 Aircraft Materials — Non-Ferrous

(a) Characteristics, properties and identification of common non-ferrous materials used in aircraft;

Heat treatment and application of non-ferrous materials;

(b) Testing of non-ferrous material for hardness, tensile strength, fatigue strength and impact resistance.

6.3 Aircraft Materials — Composite and Non-Metallic          6.3.1 Composite and non-metallic other than wood and fabric

(a) Characteristics, properties and identification of common composite and non-metallic materials, other than wood, used in aircraft;

Sealant and bonding agents;

(b) The detection of defects/deterioration in composite and non-metallic material;

Repair of composite and non-metallic material.

6.3.2 Wooden structures 

Construction methods of wooden airframe structures;
Characteristics, properties and types of wood and glue used in aeroplanes;
Preservation and maintenance of wooden structure;
Types of defects in wood material and wooden structures;
The detection of defects in wooden structure;
Repair of wooden structure.

6.3.3 Fabric covering 

Characteristics, properties and types of fabrics used in aeroplanes;
Inspections methods for fabric;
Types of defects in fabric;
Repair of fabric covering.

6.4 Corrosion

(a) Chemical fundamentals;
Formation by, galvanic action process, microbiological, stress;
(b) Types of corrosion and their identification;
Causes of corrosion;
Material types, susceptibility to corrosion.

6.5 Fasteners

6.5.1 Screw threads

Screw nomenclature;
Thread forms, dimensions and tolerances for standard threads used in aircraft;
Measuring screw threads.

6.5.2 Bolts, studs and screws

Bolt types: specification, identification and marking of aircraft bolts, international standards;
Nuts: self locking, anchor, standard types;
Machine screws: aircraft specifications;
Studs: types and uses, insertion and removal;
Self tapping screws, dowels.

6.5.3 Locking devices 

Tab and spring washers, locking plates, split pins, pal-nuts, wire locking, quick release fasteners, keys, circlips, cotter pins.

6.5.4 Aircraft rivets

Types of solid and blind rivets: specifications and identification, heat
treatment.

6.6 Pipes and Unions

(a) Identification of, and types of rigid and flexible pipes and their
connectors used in aircraft;

(b) Standard unions for aircraft hydraulic, fuel, oil, pneumatic and air system pipes.

6.7 Springs 

Types of springs, materials, characteristics and applications.

6.8 Bearings

Purpose of bearings, loads, material, construction;
Types of bearings and their application.

6.9 Transmissions 

Gear types and their application;
Gear ratios, reduction and multiplication gear systems,
driven and driving gears, idler gears, mesh patterns;
Belts and pulleys, chains and sprockets.

6.10 Control Cables
Types of cables;
End fittings, turnbuckles and compensation devices;
Pulleys and cable system components;
Bowden cables;
Aircraft flexible control systems.

6.11 Electrical Cables and Connectors

Cable types, construction and characteristics;
High tension and co-axial cables;
Crimping;
Connector types, pins, plugs, sockets, insulators, current and voltage rating, coupling, identification codes.